OpenAI · GPT models version history

Documented releases by product. Dates refer to official events; coverage is curated and may not include the latest version.

Company All companiesAnthropicOpenAIGoogleMetaxAIMistralNVIDIADeepSeekQwenKimi / MoonshotZ.aiMiniMaxByteDance Seed Company

Selected major model-family releases through October 1, 2026. Not comprehensive: most size variants, snapshots, specialized models and retirements omitted. Applications such as ChatGPT and Gemini app are separate products. Preview and GA events remain separate.
Sources checked through 2026-10-01

Product GPT models

Direction: oldest → newest · Earliest documented event · Most recent documented event

1. 2018-06-11

   GPT (original)

   Release (see availability)

   Research release combining pretraining and fine-tuning; retrospectively GPT-1.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT (original)

   Link to this event
2. 2019-02-14

   GPT-2

   Release (see availability)

   Staged research release; only a smaller checkpoint initially, not the largest model.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-2

   Link to this event
3. 2020-05-28

   GPT-3

   Announcement

   175B-parameter few-shot research announcement; not the API launch date.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-3

   Link to this event
4. 2020-06-11

   GPT-3 API access

   Preview / limited access

   Developers could request private-beta API access, separate from research announcement.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-3 API access

   Link to this event
5. 2023-03-14

   GPT-4

   Release (see availability)

   Improved reasoning; ChatGPT Plus access and API waitlist. Not every announced modality available.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-4

   Link to this event
6. 2023-11-06

   GPT-4 Turbo

   Preview / limited access

   128K context and lower pricing; preview for paying API developers, not stable GA.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-4 Turbo

   Link to this event
7. 2024-05-13

   GPT-4o

   Release (see availability)

   Omni model; text/image input and text output first in ChatGPT/API. Other modalities staged later.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-4o

   Link to this event
8. 2025-02-27

   GPT-4.5

   Preview / limited access

   Chat-focused research preview for Pro users and developers; other plans staged.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-4.5

   Link to this event
9. 2025-04-14

   GPT-4.1

   Release (see availability)

   API launch of 4.1/mini/nano, stronger coding and 1M context; not ChatGPT release. After 4.5.

   Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

   Official sources

   • GPT models: GPT-4.1

   Link to this event
10. 2025-08-07

    GPT-5

    Release (see availability)

    Integrated fast responses and reasoning; ChatGPT rollout and API release. Routed app and API models differ.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5
    • GPT-5 for developers

    Link to this event
11. 2025-11-12

    GPT-5.1

    Release (see availability)

    Instant/Thinking conversation and adaptive reasoning; ChatGPT rollout began with paid users; API next day.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.1

    Link to this event
12. 2025-11-13

    GPT-5.1 API

    Release (see availability)

    API release with adaptive reasoning and efficiency; distinct from November 12 ChatGPT event.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.1 API

    Link to this event
13. 2025-12-11

    GPT-5.2

    Release (see availability)

    Professional work, long-context reasoning and multi-step agents; API and staged ChatGPT rollout.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.2

    Link to this event
14. 2026-03-03

    GPT-5.3 Instant

    Release (see availability)

    Improved everyday conversation, web synthesis and accuracy; ChatGPT/API gpt-5.3-chat-latest. Codex chronology separate.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.3 Instant

    Link to this event
15. 2026-03-05

    GPT-5.4

    Release (see availability)

    Mainline reasoning, coding and professional work; released across ChatGPT, API and Codex.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.4

    Link to this event
16. 2026-04-23

    GPT-5.5

    Release (see availability)

    Coding, computer use and professional work; ChatGPT/Codex rollout. API followed April 24, not April 23.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.5

    Link to this event
17. 2026-06-26

    GPT-5.6

    Preview / limited access

    Sol/Terra/Luna restricted preview for selected partners through API/Codex; GA followed July 9.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.6

    Link to this event
18. 2026-07-09

    GPT-5.6

    General availability

    General availability of Sol/Terra/Luna across ChatGPT, Codex and API; gradual rollout over 24 hours.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-5.6

    Link to this event
19. 2026-09-03

    GPT-6 Astra

    Release (see availability)

    Flagship reasoning and coding; phased rollout beginning with limited organizations, not simultaneous all-plan access.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-6 Astra
    • GPT-6 Astra safety overview

    Link to this event
20. 2026-09-22

    GPT-6 Sol and Luna

    Release (see availability)

    Additional faster and lower-cost GPT-6 tiers; distinct from Astra and 6.1 Sol.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-6 Sol and Luna

    Link to this event
21. 2026-09-29

    GPT-6.1 Sol

    Release (see availability)

    Improved coding/computer use/professional work; ChatGPT Work, Codex and API at launch, not Chat. API changelog confirms date.

    Historical event; see the access limitations above. Current support is not implied.

    Official sources

    • GPT models: GPT-6.1 Sol
    • OpenAI API changelog

    Link to this event

Related news

Recent collected reports; these dates describe our news records, not release milestones. Coverage is bounded to recent public reports.

• 2026-10-09OpenAI released GPT-6.1 Sol ultrafast and introduced instant real-time model task steering.
• 2026-10-09OpenAI has launched the Decisions API powered by GPT-6 Luna.
• 2026-10-09Artificial Analysis tested four frontier image editing models across 30 consecutive edits for consistency.
• 2026-10-08OpenAI introduced Intelligent UI for GPT-6, enabling responses using text, visuals, and interactive elements.
• 2026-10-07OpenAI released a new multimodal version of GPT-6 to all users in ChatGPT.
• 2026-10-07OpenAI announced reaching 40 million active users across Codex and ChatGPT Work.
• 2026-10-05OpenAI optimized default speed by approximately 50% for GPT-6 Astra and GPT-6.1 Sol across subscriptions and partner tools using Sign in With ChatGPT.
• 2026-10-02OpenAI · GPT-6.1 Sol · Related product report · OpenAI DevDay 2026: Every Announcement, From Dots to GPT-6.1 Sol